Accounting machine



Nov. 9, 1937.

Filed June 18, 1931 ATroRNEY l 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 9, 1937. A E. GRAY2,098,339

ACCOUNTING MACHINE Nov. 9, 1937. 7 A E, GRAY .2,098,339 Y ACCOUNTINGMACHINE Filed June 18, 1931 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIGA.

INVENTOR BY ATTORNEY y A. E. GRAY 2,098,339. Accoun'rms ncfmm' l FiledJune 18, 1931 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 barrow r' 2 awr/ ATTORNEY Nov. 9, 1937.A. E. GRAY 2,098,339

ACCOUNTING MACHINEk Filed June l?, 1931 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 M a a0 VV Q/.Mo T 9 N a Hllllullllm. 0 m ma 4%/ )A ,lv- V.. e En.: z. E n .A .M 0 mw mNINA 6 6 o mw, 4 M0 1| L. o C@ L y @WJ 6. 2 i@ /MW .l., ,l 3 ...l x@ flL MW. 0J nl. n 9 M n 6 w 5 WIVHIIIIH HH i hlllll .l||.|\ T@ F 1|| l\ l|x |l\i| Nov. 9, 1937. A. E. GRAY ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed Jue 18, 19318 Sheets-Sheet 7 Qd-...h

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N Megas ENT-OR ATTORNEY NOV. 9, 1937. A E, GRAY ACCOUNTING MACHINE FiledJune 18, 1931 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 R O T. N E V Nu ATTORNEY v Nemi Patented`Nov. 9, 1937 PATENT OFFICE ACCOUNTING MACHINE Alvin E. Gray, Flushing,

N. Y., assignor, by mesne assignments, to International Business Ma.-

chines Corporation, ration of New York New York, N. Y., a corpo-Application June 18, 1931, Serial No. 545,256

15 Claims.

vention are similar in many respects to the accu- 10 mulating andtotaling devices shown in the appli-A cation of J. R. Peirce, Serial.No. 534,583, led Y May 2, 1931. Briey, the outstanding differencesbetween the devices in the present application and the devices of thePeirce application are: the re-arrangement of total circuit closingcontacts in the accumulator, the elimination of elusive one carryingmeans, and the addition of a set of zeroizing contact devices which istimed to correct negative balance printing. In order to clearly anddefinitely point out the improvements of the present invention, therefollows; iirst, a

brief description of the devices as they appear Y and operate accordingto the Peirce disclosure; and then, a description of the re-arrangementsin, and additions to, the Peirce devices according to the presentinvention withresulting improvement in mode of operation.

The Peirce application discloses two sets of accumulating wheelsconnected by gearing so that they revolve in opposite directions. 'I'heone set of accumulator wheels is normally positioned at zero and servesto add credit items and subtract debit items, while the other set ofaccumulator wheels is normally positioned at nine and is adapted tosubtract credit items and add debit items. Because of the gearconnections between the two sets of wheels, the operation of the one setin adding an amount causes the subtraction oi'. the same amount from theother set. A bal- 40 ance in the accumulator unit is manifested as atrue number in one set of accumulator wheels and as a complement in theother set of wheels. A number added to an amount in one accumulator issubtracted from the complement of said amount in the other accumulator.An elusive one carrying means is provided between the highest and lowestorder wheels of both accumulators. When a set of wheels containing acomplement has added thereto an amount sumcient to cause the set toregister a true number (i. e., for the highest order wheel to go fromnine to zero) the elusive one carrying means transfers a unit to thelowest order wheel, thus iilling in the amount to show a balance as atrue i? number on said set of wheels, and as a nines complement on theother set of accumulator wheels. After the entry of items it is oftendesirable to print a record of the balance. For this purpose each of theaccumulator wheels is provided with a totaling cam for operating totalcontacts which 5 when closed complete a circuit through the printer. Thesets of accumulator wheels have separate sets of total contacts. 'Ihetotal contacts in the credit accumulator are closed when the accumulatorWheels stand in normal position l0 (i. e., at zero). The total contactsin the debit accumulator are normally opened (i. e., with the wheels atnine) and are closed when the Wheels are in the zero position. Early ina totaling operation, a circuit containing the total contacts asso- 15ciated with the highest order wheel in the debit accumulator is madeeiective to sense the con` dition of the contacts. Should thewheel standat zero, the contacts are closed indicating that a negative balance ispresent as a true' number 20 in the debit accumulator, and the' totalcontacts associated with the' credit accumulator are disabled while thetotal contacts in the debit 'accumulator are-made effective to controlthe printing of the balance. Shouldthe highest order 25 debit wheelstand at nine, the balance is printed under control of the totalcontacts closed by the credit accumulator wheels. In the printing of thebalance from either set of whee1s,'the wheels are rotated in the sameldirection as in adding, 30 the wheels moving in synchronism with therising type bars and the totalingl cams closing the total contacts andstopping thetype bars in positions dependent uponvthe amount previouslyregistered in the accumulator. The totalingop-` .l

eration is initiated by energizing the accumulator magnets for meshingor clutching vthe-wheels of the selected accumulator with the drivingmeans. The time of energization of the magnetsis detery mined by theclosing of( zeroizing or resetting contacts that are connectedto ltheaccumulator magnets of the selected accumulator,during'totall i taking.The zeroizing contacts arelolosd lihe vtenindex position in the'totalinggcyr'zle i.e.','vat 45 the time when." the upper-07" type-onthe" bar is passing the printing line; thefother'type following in theorder, 9, 8, '7, 6, etc.) energizingl the accumulator magnets which thenclutch the accumulator wheels to the driving means. Each wheel continuesto rotate until at the zero position the totaling cam closes the totalcontacts and energizes a printer control .magnet which in turn operatesa latch to hold the related type bar in a position presenting a type forprinting 55 accesso the number accumulated in the wheel'beiore the totaltaking operation.

The devices of the present invention differ from the above describedPeirce devices as follows:

Only one set of total contacts is connected to the print controllingmagnets. The total contacts associated with the credit accumulatorwheels are used to control the printing of both positive land negativebalances. The total contacts are closed by the cams on the creditaccumulator wheels moving in the additive direction on positive balancesand thesubtractive direction on negative balances. lin the printing of anegative balance, the debit accumulator is zeroized, and by means of thegear connections the credit accumulator wheels are driven in the reverseof the usual direction of movement, closing the associated totalcontacts at times complementary to the time of closing when moving toprint positive balances.

The wheel position reading contacts in the debit accumulator,corresponding in structure to the total contacts, are positioneddifenently and wired dierently from the' total contacts associated withthe debit accumulator in the Peirce disclosure. The contacts arenormally closed (i. e., with the debit wheel at nine) and open when theywheel moves to any position other than normal. The contacts are notconnected to the printer magnets. They are connected to the accumulatormagnets and act to clutch lower order debit wheels for zeroizing in thetaking of a negative balance. The contacts are electrically connected inseries, and each contact has a series connection with relatedaccumulator magnet, the several lines between contact and magnet beingconnected in multiple to the power source through a line including minusbalance contacts. When taking a negative balance, the lowest order debitaccumulator magnet is energized by the closing of the minus balancecontacts at the ten index position in the cycle to clutch the relatedaccumulator wheel with the driver. Should the lowest order debit wheelstand in normal position with the wheel reading contacts closed, thecircuit contains another parallel line, and the tens order debitaccumulator magnet is also energized at the ten index position. If thetens order wheel stands in normal position, the circuit includes thehundreds order accumulator magnet. The connections continue across theentire debit accumulator to determine the number of lower order wheels,starting with the units wheel, that stand in normal position, andthereby energize certain of the lower order debit accumulator magnets atthe ten index position to clutch the wheels with the driving means andstart the zeroizing of the wheels early in the negative balance printingoperation. The higher order debit wheels are connected to the drivingmeans at the nine index position in the totaling cycle by devices forzeroizing in a manner about to be described.

Two sets of zeroizing orv resetting contacts are provided for timingthe'energization of the accumulator magnets. Either set is effective ona total taking operation to control 'the connection of the accumulatorwheels with the driving means and start the movement yofthe wheels tozero. One set Lof .'zeroizing contacts is Aused to control theenergization of the credit accumulator magnets and the other setcontrols the debit accumulator magnets on totals. The set associatedwith the debit accumulator magnets is delayed in operation during the'taking of a negative balance to close at the nine index position in thetotaling cycle (i. e., when the 9 type is passing the printing line)instead of the ten index point position. This is done to correct thenumber printed representing a negative balance. It causes the higherorder printer devices to print numbers one digit less than if the debitwheels were clutched to start rotating at the ten index position. Thereason why a correction is needed is because when the debit accumulatorholds a complemental amount added thereto' causing the accumulator topass from a complemental reading to a true number, the carrying deviceslin the debit accumulator add a unit on each of the higher order debitwheels. This carried amount-usually 11111110- does not truly representany part of the debit amount. The unit step of motion of the higherorder debit wheels is transmitted to the credit wheels and the relatedtotaling cams are moved one step towards the total contacts. Since thetype bar is moved in synchronism with the credit wheel and total camduring totaling, the space between the total cam and the total contactsdetermines the magnitude of the number printed. In order to print acorrected smaller number during negative balance printing the higherorder type bar is allowed to move one. step before the related debitwheel is clutched (at nine index point instead of ten index point) tothe driving means to start the totaling cam moving towards the totalcontacts. Since the undisturbed lower order debit wheels are not movedby a transfer, they may be zeroized at the ten index position as pointedout hereinbefore. The printer magnets are energized as the totalcontacts close, and the type bars are positioned to print a true numberrepresenting the correct negative balance.

The devices of the present invention do not require connections from thehighest order accumulator wheel to the lowest order wheel to carry anelusive one from the highest wheel to the lowest wheel.

From the foregoingv it may be gathered 4that the mode of operation ofthe machine foi total printing according to the present invention, dif-I fers from the Peirce type of operation in th; t both negative andpositive balances are prin under control of contacts operated by thecredit accumulator wheels; the need for the transfo of an elusive onefrom the highest order wheely to the lowest order wheel is dispensedwith' the higher l order debit accumulator wheels are clutched with thedriving means an instant later in the totalingcycle to correct thenegative balance printed under control of the credit accimulator wheels;and the time of clutching the lower order debit wheels for zeroizing innegative balanceprinting is varied according to whether one or morelower order wheels stand in normal position.

and a debit amount isl An object of the invention is to provide animproved total printing device.

Another object is to provide means for printing negative and positivetotals under control of one accumulator.

`A feature ,of the present invention is the means for correcting totalbalance printing under bject is to provide a simplified circonnectionsto, and forms part of, a total print v ing control circuit.

Another object is to provide. means for varying the time of zerozing ormeshing of a portion of an accumulator during a total taking operation.

Another feature of the invention is the means for changing the amount tobe printed under controi of an accumulator Wheel during' total printing.

An object of ythe invention is to provide a means automaticallycontrolled by an accumulating wheel for determining the time of meshingof another wheel for clearing during total taking.

By means of the present invention connections from a single printingdevice to a single accumulator serve to control the printing of totalsfrom a plurality of accumulatore.

Another object of the invention is to provide a pair of accumulators andconnections between them enabling the one to control printing not onlyof the numbers standing on it but also the results of accumulations onthe other accumulator.

Another object is to provide a duplex accumulator with improved meansfor printing positive and negative balances resulting from additions andsubtractions of credit and debit items.

Another object is to provide means for printing a negative balance byreversing the direction of rotation of wheels adapted to print apositive balance; also providingmeans for correcting the result bygoverning the time of rotation of the wheels.

Another object is to provide means for sensing a plurality of wheels inan accumulator and adding a unit in one or more orders to ll out thebalance in a subtractive system.

These and other objects will appear in the following descriptionof theinvention.

Referring to the drawings wherein I `have shown what I now consider tobe the preferred form of my invention,

Fig. 1 is a side view, partly in section, of the machine embodying theinvention.

Fig. 2 is a similar view, the parts being shown in section to expose theinterior of the machine revealing the printing mechanism and one of theduplex accumulator units.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of one of the duplex accumulator units withportions broken away to more clearly disclose certain parts of themechanism.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of one bank of the debit accumulator. i

Fig. 5 is a side elevation showing the total reading cam and totalcontacts of the highest .order debit accumulator wheel.

Fig.*6 is a side elevation of the-total control devices.

Fig. '7 is a side elevation of the zeroi'zing con-.

' total printing.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of an assembly PDODS.

. frame carrying a pair of accumulator engaging The Duplex accumulator,Carrying mechanisms, Printing mechanism, and Total taking devices,before explaining the novel structure and mode of operation used inperforming' negative balance printing according to the presentinvention.

The illustrative machine is of the type controlled by the well knownHollerith form of perforated card. The card is sensed by the analyzingdevices of the machine and the amount represented by the perforations onthe card is accumulated and printed. The card is fed through two sets ofsensing brushes. The first set of brushes serves to compare the groupnumber of a card with the group number of the card under the other setof brushes and if the numbers do not agree the machine may be stopped ora total may be taken automatically.

The first set of brushes also serves to sense the presence of a specialperforation present on cards carrying perforations representing a debititem. The second set of brushes serves to control the accumulators andthe printing devices.

In the Peirce machine used, two gear connected sets of accumulatorwheels are provided; one set is adapted to receive and add credit item;the other set accumulates debit items. The credit and debit items aredistributed under control of` the upper or rst brushes the cardencounters as mentioned above. While one set of accumulator wheels isadding an amount, the other set of accumulator wheels is being rotated,by gearing connecting the two sets, in a direction which is the reverseof their normal adding movement, thus subtracting the amount from thenumber standing on said other set of wheels. The debit accumulatorwheels are all normally set at nine, and as credit items are added onthe credit accumulator they are subtracted from the debit wheel thuspresenting the nines complement of a credit balance. If the debit items,however, amount to a larger gure than the credit items added, a numberrepresenting a debit balance will be held by the debit wheels, while thecomplement of the balance will appear on the credit wheels. The settingof the wheels may'be reversed so that the credit wheels normally standat nine. When a totaling operationy is initiated, the highest orderwheel in the debit accumulator is sensed to determine whether the Wheelstands at nine or zero. If the wheel stands at nine a credit balance isprinted under control of the credit accumulator. If the wheel stands atzero, the credit accumulator contains the nines complement of the debitbalance which is present on the debit accumulator wheels as a positivenumber. Therefore control is exercised to print the total under controlof the debit accumulator wheels that hold the balance as a result of themachine having handled debit entries that totaled a larger amount thanthe credit entries.

` The main drive As shown in Fig. 2 the machine is driven from anelectric motor or other power source through a belt I mounted on apulley 2 fixed on a shaft 3 having a worm 3 meshing with a worm wheel 5on shaft t. In Fig. 1 the shaft 5 is shown as having a gear ll mountedthereon and meshing with the gear 3 which in turn meshes with a gear 3on a shaft iii. Also mounted on this shaft is a bevelled pinion ilmeshing with a bevelled pinion B2 on a vertical shaft i3. Fixed on shafti3 is a bevelled pinion it meshing with a bevelled pinionv i5 fixed on ashaft l5 (Fig. 2) which reaches across the back of the machine. Alsofixed on shaft i3 is another bevelled pinion il meshing with a bevelledpinion i3 fixed on shaft l 9 (Fig. 2) which also reaches across themachine parallel to the shaft l5. Both the shafts i6 and i3 have fixedthereon a number of driving gears 23 (see Fig. 3). Each related pair ofaccumulator units is mounted ony a plate 2t and is provided with a pairof intermediate driving gears 22 (Fig. 9). The units may be slid intoposition between upper and lower supporting plates 23 and 23 as shown inFig. 2. When in this position each gear 22 meshes with one of thedriving gears 25. When the machine is in operation the shaft 5 and alsothe shafts it and i3 are constantly turning. Thus the intermediatedriving gear 22 of each accumulator unit will also rotate constantly.

Throughout this specification reference is made to CR and CF camcontacts. The CR. cam contacts are operated continuously whether themachine is idling, adding, subtracting, or totaling. rl'he cams forthese contacts may be mounted on shaft Ml (Fig. 2) which is alwaysturning. The other CF cam contacts are operated whenever cards arefeeding. They are controlled by cams on a shaft that is made operativeby the closing of a card feed clutch as explained hereinafter.

The duplex accumulator As shown in Fig. 3 two accumulators are mountedon a common plate 2 i The upper accumulator is normally set with itswheels at zero and is adapted to receive and add credit entries and atthe same time, through gear connections, rotate the lower set of wheelsin a reverse direction. The lower accumulator is normally set-With itswheels at nine and is adapted to receive and add debit entries,simultaneously rotating the upper set of wheels in a reverse direction.

Since the accumulators are similar in construction except for thepositioning of a few cams, a description of one applies as well to theother.

In the present Hollerith system the passage of the card under thesensing brushes is synchronized with the movement of the other mechanismso as to produce the proper differential action in accumulating andprinting when an impulse is released under control of the card. Wheneveran electrical impulse is initiated it may be sent through acorresponding accumulator magnet 25 (Figs. 2, 3 and 12) in order thatthe accumulator may be actuated to properly enter the amount therein.The energization of magnet 25 (Fig. 3) attracts an armature 25, movingit to the right thereby unlatching arm 2l of an assembly 33B,

mounted for oscillation on stud 28, the assembly being normally urgedcounterclockwise by spring 23. Therefore, when armature 26 releases arm2l! the assembly is rotated slightly counterclockwise. This assembly 33Bincludes a pair of upwardly extending parallel arms 33 and 3i, Fig. 13,in the upper ends of which is fixed a horizontal rod 32. On rod 32 thereis mounted for rotation a sleeve 33 on which are fastened pinions 33 and35. Pinion 35 is adapted to mesh with an accumulator gear 33 (see loweraccumulator, Fig. 3) loose on stud 3l, and pinion 33 is alined to meshwith a gear 33 fastened to the constantly rotating driving gear 22 (Fig.9) so that whenever the assembly 330 on which the pinions are mounted iscarried to the left (Figs. 4 and 13) in order to actuate theaccumulator, the accumulator gear 35 will be connected to the constantlyrotating gear 38 for rotation. Gear 33 is fast on a sleeve 39 which isloose on stud 3l. Alongside of gear 38 and rotating with it on sleeve 39is the intermediate driving gear 22 (Fig. 9) in mesh with driving gear2U (Figs.

. 2 and 3) which we have noted is in constant rotation in timed relationwith the card feed, being mounted on the constantly running shaft i3 orshaft i3. Gear 35 is one element of the accumulator wheel which iscomposed of gears 3'5 and 46, and cams lli, 2l@ and 2I3, rivetedtogether and loosely pivoted on stud 3l. Fig. 9 discloses a side view ofthe assembled accumulator wheels. From the diagrammatic showing in Fig.13, the positions of the various gears may be noted and the train ofconnections may be traced from the driving gear 23, through intermediatedriving gears 22 and 38, thence through the pinions 35 and 35 to thegears 35 and 36 on the accumulator wheel.

With the above construction in mind the differential action of theaccumulator may be understood. When credit accumulator magnet 25 ordebit accumulator magnet dii is energized at a time determined by theposition of a perforation on the card, the related armature 23 releasesarm 2l permitting it to rock until arm 3i rests against a stop 530. Thismovement engages pinions 34 and 35 with the related gears 33 and 36 andcauses the accumulator wheel to rotate in synchronism with theconstantly rotating gear 38.

This rotation continues until a projection di on a cam i3 secured tosleeve 39 passes under finger 32 projecting from the upper end of arm 3l thereby rocking the pinion assembly 332 clockwise, disengaging thepinions from the gears and permitting armature 2B to latch arm 2l. Thereare two projections 3l on cam 33, for the cam is timed to turn a halfrevolution for each operating cycle. Accumulating gear 3'3 is designedto turn through one-fourth of a revolution for each complete addingcycle of ten steps of movement. The distance through which accumulatorgear 36 turns is dependent on the time of .engagement and the durationof engagement of the gear with the constantly rotating gear 38. Forexample, to add the number 9 the two gears are connected forapproximately a quarter of a revolution before the clutching pinions 33and 35 are moved out of engagement with the gears. Pinion 35 is providedwith a detent it to engage and locate the same when the pinions aremoved out of engagement with the gears. To positively restore armature23 a member 35 is provided having a projection abutting the right sideof the armature 2S and a horizontal arm under arm 2l so that when arm 2lis restored the member 35 will be rocked counterclockwise to draw thearmature away from the magnet if the spring 36H has not already done so.

The pinions 3ft, 35 and gears 36, 38 are formed with teeth resemblingratchet teeth. The sides of the teeth which enter into drivingengagement with each other are cut with a radial flat face so that as apinion isI rocked into engagement ywith a gear and rotated, the tendencyto throw the gear out again is not present as would be the case if gearshaving involute teeth were employed.

A means `is provided for connecting the two accumulators for reverserotation. The upper and lower accumulator wheels on the plate 2i areparts of separate accumulators, the upper wheel being in the creditaccumulator, and the .lower wheel being in the debit accumulator.

Both wheels are in the same denominational order. Turning to Fig. 9 itis noted that alongside of. gear 3S on each Aof the accumulator wheelsis a gear 46. It is apparent that gear 46 is on the part of theaccumulator unit which is differentially moved by pinion when the pinionis rotated by the constantly revolving gear 38. In mesh with gear 46 onthe upper accumulator wheel is a, gear 41 (Figs. 3 and 9) mounted forrotation on a stud 48 projecting from a bracket 49 secured to the sideof plate 2i. In mesh with gear 41 is anotherygear 50 also mounted onbracket 49 with a stud 5I. The gear 50 is in mesh with gear 46 on thelower accumulator wheel.

Thus the two accumulator wheels in a related order of the debit andcredit'accumulators are connected by gearing so that the movement of onewill be transmitted to the other. Either set of credit or debit wheelsis adapted to rotate in a counterclockwise direction when adding areceived credit or debit item. However, since only one item is added ata time, the accumulator not receiving the item additively has its wheelsrotated in a clockwise direction. If a credit card passes through themachine, magnet 25 is energized at the proper time and the upper accumulator wheel is rotated in the normal additive counterclockwisedirection, while the lower wheel, by means of gears 41 and 50, will berotated in a subtractive clockwise direction.

If a debit card passes through the machine, certain of the circuits arechanged so thatmagnet instead of magnetr25 is energized -at the propertime, and the lower accumulator wheel is rotated in the normal additivecounter-clockwise direction While the upper wheel, by means ot gears 41and 50, will be rotated in a subtractive clockwise direction. If atransfer movementV is imparted to one of the wheels in the accumulatorreceiving the item entered, this movement also will be transmittedthrough gears 41 and 50 to turn the connected wheel a unit in thesubtractive direction. Y

The amount of a credit item is added to the .number on the wheels ofupper credit accumu-v lator and subtracted from the number in the lowerdebit accumulator. A debit item is added Ato the number on the 'wheelsof the lower debit accumulator and subtracted from the number on theupper credit accumulator. In this way' one of the accumulators willcontain the balanceas a true number while `the other accumulator willhold the nines complement of the balance. l

A common detenting device, positions and aligns both of thecredit anddebit accumulator wheels in a denominational order when the drivingpinions 35 are disengaged from the gear 38.

- Normally the credit and debit assemblies 330 are latched by armature2B in a position wherein both ',driving pinions 35 of an vorder aredisengaged Yfrom the accumulator wheels. At this time it is advisable'toholdthe wheels from rotation until either assembly 334. is rocked toenter an amount.

For this purpose'fa train of connections includ- 4`ing arnk'sr mg. 3yispruvided. 'rms link has "pin and 'slot connections 53' with both arms21.

The slots areso arranged 'that the rocking of either assembly Ill tomesh pinion 35 will lift the link without disturbing the other pinionassembly. A pin 54 in link 52 engages a slot in the end of one armor a.bell crank 5l pivoted on a stud 5I.

vclip away from the member.

When thev link is lifted, the bell crank is rocked in a clockwisedirection, its vertical arm 51 pulling a, horizontal detent link 58,pinned at 59, to the right (Fig. 3). The detent link at its left end hasa slot S0 which enables the link to move freely back and forth on stud48, at the same time being held in place on the unit by a headed screwin the stud. A single toothed detent member 6| is riveted to link 58 ina position where it is normally inserted between two teeth on the gear41, thus holding this gear from rotation and since both the upper andlower accumulator Wheels are connected by gearing with gear 41 they arealso heldin position and alined by detent 6I. The bell crank 55 is inthe form of a bail and has another horizontal arm 62 to which isattached one end of a spring 63 urging it in a counterclockwisedirection. This spring serves to normally hold detent 6i in engagementwith gear y41. When either assembly 330 is rocked to mesh pinion 35,link 52\ is lifted, crank is rocked, and detent 6| is Withdrawn from theteeth of gear 41 so that both accumulator Wheels may be rotated.

The spring clips 64 shown on many of the members in Fig. 3 are providedfor the purpose of aiding in the assemblage and removal of parts. Theyare made of spring material and are secured at one end to a member whileat the other end they are offset and carry a short pin which is part ofthe linkage. The pin may be disengaged from a. connected link by liftingthe end of th Carrying mechanisms `sion 68 on a eommutator or disk 69mounted'on stud 31 and attached to constantly rotating'gears 22 and 38.Each commutator diskiS: has four segmental extensions 68, 19, twosegments 68 in one plane. cooperatingwithfbrush V|55 and the other twosegments 19. in an adjacent plane cooperating with brush 18. When anaccumulator wheel of a given order passes fromY itsnine position to itszero position, a. projection 10 (Fig. 5) on cam disk'1l xed with respectto the gear V48 will engage' a projection 12 on Vthe arm 63 and rock thearm clockwise into the position for carrying.

The latching pawl-13 pivotedA on a stud82 on frame 2l will thencooperaterwitha projection 14 (see Fig. 3) on the arm 86 .and latch thearr'nl in this position so that the brush 65 will be in position to makecontact with the commutaf tor segment llwhen the latter, which is on theconstantLvfi-otating disk, 89, "passes the brush.

.This contacting of brush with segment 88 will take place-soodattertheprojection A4i asstep and then be cammed out by cam pointl 4Il.

If the value standing in the wheel of any accumwator order happens topenine when one is added to that order causing the adding wheel to passfrom the nine position to the zero position, it will be necessary tocontinue the carrying on to the accumulator wheel of the next higherorder. In order that this may be effected when the Wheel 56 of any orderstands at the nine position, its disk 1| will present a depression 15 tothe arm 12 as in Fig. 5, permitting the arm to be rockedcounterclockwise by its spring 'l1 into the position of Fig. 5 rockingthe brush 10 also carried by the arm 65 into position to be engaged by acommutator segment 19 also on the disk 59.

The brushes 55 and 13 are insulated from each other and current issupplied to them through separate wires but both brushes are adapted tocarry current to the disk 69 and through the contact brush 15 to theaccumulator magnet 25 or d0 of the next higher order.

The segment 68 engages the brush 55 at the same time that the segment 19is adapted to engage its brush 18. Thus if the accumulator Wheel of agiven order passes to'zero position and supplies current to the brush ofthe accumulator unit of the next higher order, if the latter unitcontains the value nine, it, besides being caused to accumulate anadditional one by reason of the position of th brush 55 in the unit ofthe next lower order, Will supply current through its brush 18 to theunit of the next higher order to carry one thereto.

Of course, if the cam disk 1| of a given order is standing in its nineposition, as in Fig. 5, as soon as one is added to this order, the camdisk 1| will turn one more step to the position of. the upper wheel inFig. 3. This will rock the brush arm 56 to the carrying position, butcurrent will have been already supplied through brush 18 to perform thecarrying function in the next order. The rocking ofthe arm 66 to thisposition to cause the brush 55 to be engaged by its commutator segment58 will have taken place too late to eect the carry in the next higherorder. It is for this reason that the brush 10 is provided. The rockingof the brush 55 from the nine to the zero position thus has no eect andit will be restored to normal position before the next segment 68reaches it. After the brush arm 56 has been rocked to the carryingposition and latched by the pawl 13 and after the segment 53 has passedthe brush 65, the arm |56 is released by a projection on cam 30 (Figs. 3and 9) engaging the inner projection 0| of the latching pawl arm 13which is pivoted at 32,

.rocking the pawl against the tension o-f spring 33 and releasing thearm 56 to permit its spring 11 to rock it counterclockwise until theprojection 12 engages the periphery 84 of the disk 1|.

The arm 66 will then be in such a position that neither brush 65 norbrush 18 will make contact with the disk 69.

Although both the upper and the lower accumulators are provided withcarrying mechanisms, only the carrying devices in the accumulator receiving the item are effective during an operation of the machine.Theother carrying devices associated with the accumulator being drivenin a reverse direction by the transmission gears 51 and 53, may tripmechanically but they are disabled by breaking the circuit through thetransfer devices in a manner to be described further on in thisdescription in connection with the wiring diagram. Of course, thetransfer movements imparted to the accumulator receiving the item entrywill be transmitted in a reverse direction to the other accumulator justas the regular dierential movements are transmitted.

Printing mechanisms The printing mechanism includes a platen ||6 (Fig.2) and a type carrier ||1 having a plurality of type elements ||0adapted to be struck by a hammer ||9 loose on a rod |20. The typecarrier is connected at its lower end to an arm |2| fulcrumed at |22.Springs |23 connected to the arms |2| and to a cross beam |24 connectedbetween arms |25 pivoted at |25, tend to raise the arms |2| to raise thetype carriers. A restoring bail |26 connected by links |21 to arms |25is adapted to restore the arms |2| to their lower or normal position. Anarm |28 (Fig. 1) xed to the shaft |25, on which the arms |25 are alsofixed, is connected by a link |29 to a complementary cam follower arm|30 pivoted at |3| and cooperating with cams |32 and |33 on cam shaft|34.

Shaft |34 is driven through a chain of gears |35, |36 and |31, thelatter of which is mounted on shaft 6. The shaft |34 turns synchronouslywith the feeding of the cards through the machine, and the bail |26'(Fig. 2) is thus raised so as to permit the type carrier to risesynchronously with the feeding of the card. Thus when the type element||8 carrying the numeral 9 is approaching the printing line with respectto platen and the actuating hammer ||9, the nine position on the cardwill be passing the reading brushes 90,Y Fig. 12, as describedhereinafter with reference to the wiring diagram.

If there is a hole in the card at the nine -position, a circuit will beclosed through the brush to the printing magnet |08 (Fig. 2) of thatparticular column. This will attract the armature |38 actuating a rod|39 which is co-nnected to a latching member |40. This will release thelatching pawl |4| permitting it tocooperate with the ratchet teeth |42carried by the type carrier to stop the type carrier with the 9 type inline for printing. When the arms |25 raise the bail |20 to permitthetype carriers to rise, the spring |23 will be stretched so as toraise the arm |2| of the type carrier. After printing has been effected,the arms |25 are then lowered with the bail |26' to restore the typecarriers to normal position.

The latching pawls |4| must then be restored before the type bars begintheir next upward movement. For this purpose a bail |43 is adapted, whenrocked clockwise, to rock the latching pawl |4| counterclockwise againstthe action of its spring and permit it to be latched by the latch |40.The bail |43, is connected by links |44 to arms |45 fixed on shaft |46on which is also fixed an arm |41 (Fig. 1) connected by link |48 to anarm |49l pivoted at |50 and connected to a cam follower arm |5| (Fig. 2)carrying a roller adapted to be actuated by a cam |52 on shaft |34.

The several type actuating hammers H9 are actuated by individual springs|53 4tending to rock them against the typeV i3 to effect printing. Thehammers are normally locked in their inoperative position by individuallatches |54. These latches are connected to levers |55normally held upby pins on the type bars, but adapted to operate the lowered levers |55and trip latches |54 to be moved to the left by a bar |56 -whentherising of the particular type carrier permits the arm |55 to rockcounterclockwise into a position to be actuated by the bar 155,

The bar or bail 55 is pivoted at |51 and is connected to an arm |58(Fig. 1) connected by a. link |59 to a bell crank |60 in turn connectedby a link |6| to an arm |62 xed at |620. to a shaft which carries (seeFig. 2) a cam follower arm |62b having rollers |62c cooperating withcomplementary cams |62d mounted on shaft |34. The bail |63 whichrestores the hammers to normal position is xed on the shaft |20 with thearm |60 (Fig. 1). The pin and slot connection |59' between link |59 andarm |58 permits the shaft |20 to turn clockwise far enough to move thebail |63 out of the way of the hammers ||9 before the arm |58 and bail|56 are actuated to release the hammers.

When listing is to be effected on the listing sheet while the data isalso being accumulated, the printing magnet |08 will be connected toreceive an impulse through the perforation in the card simultaneouslywith the transmission of such impulse to the accumulator magnet 25 ormagnet 40. The amount may be listed whether the item is a debit or acredit. A plus or minus sign may be printed adjacent the item toclassify it as a debit or a credit.

Total taking devices When a total is to be taken of a group of itemswhich have been accumulated, it is necessary to open certain listingcircuits and close certain total printing circuits. The mechanism foreffecting these circuit changes is shown in Fig. 6 in which a magnet TSMis adapted to be energized whenever a total is to be taken. Suspendedfrom the machine base 94 (Fig. 2) is a pair of brackets 95 supporting aseries of contacts arranged in tiers for compactness. Each group ofcontacts comprises an upper blade 96, Fig. 6, a center blade 91 and alower blade 98. Cooperating with these fixed blades are blades orcontacts 99 and |00 mounted between horizontal insulated strips fastenedat the ends to vertical bars (Fig. 2) supported by arms |02 secured toshafts |03 and |04 journalled in brackets 95. The rocking movement ofarms |02 is transmitted through bars 0| to raise and lower contacts 99and |00. A spring |03attached to an arm |02 on one end of shaft |03tends to urge bars |0| downwardly from their normal, or listingposition, wherein the blades 96 and 99 are in contact with each other.

The contact formed between blades 96 and 99 is lettered TSA, and theother normally open contact between blades 91 and 99 is designated TSC.Other contacts between blades 98 and |00 are of a general formdesignated in different ways TSD, TSI, TS2, TS5 and TSG at differentpoints in the wiring diagram as pointed out hereinafter.

At the one end of shaft |03 (Fig. 6) arm |02 carries a link |01 whichforms a toggle connection with a link |65 pivoted at |69. This toggleconnection is held with its common connecting point slightly to the leftof dead center, as shown in Fig. 6, by the action of the spring |03' onthe arm |02 attached to shaft 03. An adjustable stop limits the movemento-f the parts to the left. Energization of magnet TSM attracts itsarmature |1| rocking it about its pivot |12 to unlatch an arm |13 on ahammer |13 which, under action of spring |14, strikes the toggle at itsconnecting point and moves it suiliciently to the right of dead centerto allow spring urged sha1-t |03 to further move the contacts to totalcircuit closing position.

A double armed lever |19 secured to shaft 03 and having a roller |8|amoves to engage its cam |80 on continually running shaft |0infimediately upon breakage of toggle |01, |65 permitting a link |8| torock a latch |82 against the tension of spring |85 and out of engagementwith the toe of an arm |83 fast to a rock shaft |84. The aforementionedhammer tripping takes place at a time when cam |15 secured tocontinually running shaft I0, is about to present its descending portion|16 to a roller |11 mountedon an arm |18 loosely pivoted on shaft |03.The arm |18 is urged upward by a spring (not shown) and connected by alink |81 to arm |83 abutting against latch |82. When the latch isoperated as described, arm |18 is free to rise and place roller |11 incooperation with cam |15. As roller |11 then follows the periphery ofportion |18 of cam |15 it permits shaft |84 to rock clockwise (in Fig,6) through link |81 attached to arm |83, since latch |82 is now out ofcooperation therewith. Continued rotation of shaft |0 causes cam |88 tocooperate with a bell crank lever |89 loose upon shaft |03 and heldagainst cam |88 by spring |90. At such a time, cam |80 has restoredshaft |03 to almost normal position from which a roller |9| on lever |89moves toggle |01, |65 across dead center and against stop |10. The lever|89 carries another roller |92 which strikes nger |93 integral withhammer |13 to restore the same.

In Fig. l it is shown that shaft |84 has connections to a similar shaft|84 through link |94 and arms |95 so that both shafts operate together.'Ihese shafts extend across the accumulating sections of the machine andhave grooves 96 cooperating with the ends |91 of levers |98 (see Figs. 3and 4) pivoted at |98a on the accumulator unit plates 2|. At the rightend of lever |98 is a link |99 having pin and slot connection 200 (Fig.4) with the lever. With the parts in the position shown in Fig. 3 link|99 is held in its raised position. But during total taking with shaft|84 rocked, the link |99 is lowered as seen in Fig. 4.

Resting in slots 20| in link |99 are pins 202 on the free ends of upperand lower horizontal arms 203 pivoted on. plate 2| as at 204, Fig. 4.Also on the free ends of arms 203 are fulcrum blocks 205 in contact withthe under side of springs 29. When the parts of the laccumulator are innormal position (i. e., in position for item entering as in Fig. 3) arm203 is held in raised position by vertical link |99 and lever |98 oneend of which is held down by the shoulder on shaft 84. Underneath aprojection 205| on arm 203 is a latch 206 on the lower end of arm 201pivoted at 208. Integral with arm 201 is an upwardly extending arm 209having its free end in the path of cam 2|0 fast to gears 36, 46 (seeFig. 9). The cam 2|0 has four projections which act to disengage latch206 when the accumulator wheel is at zero.

While arm 203 is in the normal position, the free end of spring 29 ispressed upwardly by fulcrum 205 and serves, as already explained, ntoswing the assembly 330 in a'counter-clockwise direction to carry out theadding operation. With the parts conditioned for totaling by operationof shaft |84 and release of lever |98, link |99 and arm 203 as explainedhereinbefore, the arm l203 is held in raised position only by theengagement of its lateral projection 205| with latch 206. So that whenarm 209 is raised by cam 2|0, latch 206 is withdrawn from underneathlever 203 which thereupon drops suilciently to release pressure offulcrum 205 on spring 29 which then fol-v direction by the end 2112(Fig. 3) of spring 22 at the point where the spring tits in a slot inlever 2'11, thus tending to turn the assembly 33t in a clockwisedirection. This action, as will be explained,

.takes place to clear the accumulator wheel after total printing.

A totaling cam 213 (Figs. 3, 4 and 5) is provided with four raised camportions 2112. This cam is fast to transfer cam 111 and gear 46 as maybe seen in Fig. 9. The cam therefore, has four zero positions.Cooperating with cam 213 is a bell crank 215 pivoted'at 2,115 and havingthe lower end M12, Figs. 4 and 5, of the vertical arm` projecting intothe path of the raised portions 211i on cam 212. The shape o the end M19and portion 21d allows movement of the accumulator Wheel in eitherdirection. The other arm of crank 215 has-fas tened to it an insulatingblock dit cooperating with the underside of a Contact spring tl i. Thiscontact 111111, and an upper contact 1112 insulated from it, are part ofa circuit closed during atotaling operation. The cam 2113 is adapted tomove bell crank 215 in a counterclockwisedirection, lifting contact dlland closing points TC, see Fig. 12. The bell crank and cam are solarranged that when a credit accumulator wheel stands at zero, theprojecting end of the vertical crank arm stands on one of the raisedportions 21111, Fig. 4, and contact points TC are closed. The TCcontacts associated with the debit wheels are closed in the normal nineposition of these wheels.

vIn Fig. l2 it may be seen that a seriesvof contacts TC cooperate withwheels 21115 in the upper credit accumulator, and another series ofcontacts TC cooperate with wheels 2113 in. the lower debit accumulator.The credit contacts are connected in the total printing circuit whilethe debit contacts are used in accumulator zeroizing control duringtotal taking.

The totaling contacts B1 (Figs. 5 and 12) are provided for the purposeof testing whether the total to be printedis a negative or positivebalance. These contacts B11 are similar in construction and mode ofoperation to the contacts TC, the dierences being that contacts B1 arein a diierent circuit, they are timed differently and the accumulatorwheel with which they cooperate is the highest order wheel in the debitaccumulator. The cam 213 on the highest order wheel (Fig. 5) ispositioned to close contacts B1 when the wheel is at zero instead ofclosing at nine as theTC contacts which are operated by cams on alllower order wheels.

These contacts are used forcontrolling the printing of a total where theamounts added and subtracted yield a negative balance. That is, wherethe sum of the various amounts subtracted is greater than the sum of thevarious amounts added in the machine.

Where the total is a positive total, the highest yorder wheel in thecredit accumulator will contain a zero and the corresponding debit Wheelcooperating with contacts B1 will contain a nine, therefore contacts B1will remain open as shown in Fig. 12, and the circuits, through whichthe zeroizing impulses are directed to mesh the accumulator wheels .intotaling, will send the current through the credit accumulator so that atotal representing a positive balance will be printed under control ofthe credit accumulator. Where the total is a negative total, the highestorder wheel in the credit accumulator will contain a nine and thehighest order debit accumulator wheel cooperating with contacts B1 will`contain a zero, therefore contacts B1 will be closed and on takingtotals will vserve to energize a minus balance magnet MBM (Fig. l2)which shifts certain total zeroizing control contacts so that the lowerwheels are meshed at the proper time and a total representing a negativebalance will be printed by the TC contacts closed by the credit wheelsrotating under control of the debit accumulator. The circuit throughmagnet MBM leads from the one side of the line 230, through wire 25W,cam contact CRE, wire 251, contacts TS1! now closed, magnet MBM,contacts Bl, and wire 253 to the opposite side of the line 22111. Thecontacts affected by the magnet MBM are adjusted so that they zeroizingimpulses, sent through the accumulator magnets 25 or tt to initiate thetotaling operation, as explained further on, are directed to the properaccumulator.

For this reason contact blade 235 is moved by magnet MBM so that contactMBD is closed and contact MBE is opened, thus initiating the totalingoperation in the` debit rather than the credit accumulator.

The present invention provides means whereby both negative andpositive-v totals are printed under control of the one creditaccumulator. When a negative balance is being printed from type barsstopped differentially at times con# trolled by the contacts made by thecredit accumulator wheels rotated under control of the debit wheels,correction must be made for altering the time of closing of the totalingcontacts. This ls done by delaying the time of zeroizingof the debitaccumulator wheels during the taking of a negativeI balance. In order tocorrect the printing, two sets of zeroizing contacts are provided (seeFig. l2) The one set 11CC, when conditioned for totaling directsthezeroizing impulses through the credit accumulator at a timecorresponding to the ten index position in a cycle, i. e., one positionbefore the index position at which a 9 is sensed when entering items.This is the normal resetting operation and zeroizing occurs at the usualtime without any need for correction. Another set of zeroizing contacts2CC are designed to be closed at a time corresponding to the nine indexpoint position to direct the zeroizing impulses through the debitaccumulator magnets an interval of time later than the usual zeroizingtime, during negative balance printing.

In Fig. 12 it may be noted that both sets of zeroizing contacts areconnected in a circuit directed through both sets of accumulator magnetsand also through the total printing contacts and the magnets controllingprinting. The contacts are controlled by a mechanism to insure theproper timing of the zeroizing impulses.

In Figs. 1, 7 and 8 the mechanism for controlling the closing of thezeroizing contacts is shown. A pair of magnets control the device. Theone magnet M (see also Fig. 12) is energized during total taking forcontrol of positive balance printing. When the minus balance magnet isenergized the other magnet 2CM is energized and serves to control theclosing of contacts 2CC during total printing for the registration of anegative balance.

,In Fig. 1 it may be noted that a gear 9 is mounted on the constantlyrotating shaft I0. This gear meshes with an idler gear 561 which in turndrivesa gear (not shown) on shaft 569. Mounted on the end of shaft 569is a cam 594 which serves to govern the time of closing of the zeroizingcontacts 2CC.

Referring again to Fig. 12, it may be noted that a contact member 435 isshifted under con- '(Fig. '7) in outline.

armature 699.

trol of the minus balance magnet MBM. When the minus balance magnet isnot energized, indicating that a positive balance is to be printed, thecircuit is made during totaling through the contacts MBSC energizingmagnet ICM. When contacts BI close and the minus balance magnet isenergized, it serves to shift contact member 435 so as to close contactsMB5D, directing current through magnet 2CM.

In Figs. '1 and 8 the relationship between magnets ICM and 2CM and themechanism forcloslng the zeroizing contacts may be noted. Magnet 2CMcontrols the shifting of the movable contact blades 2CC while magnet ICMcontrols the shifting of the other upper zeroizing contacts ICC. In Flg.7 the contacts 2CC are shown as having their upper blades mounted uponcross bars carried by side plates 596 which in turn are carried .by fourarms 59| (Fig. 8) of which the upper pair of arms are secured to a shaft592 while the lower pair of arms are free upon a shaft 592a. hThe othermovable set of upper blades ICC are mounted in a similar fashionalongside contacts 2CC. The lower sets of blades ICC, 2CC are mountedbetween insulated blocks 900 held ilxed in position on the frame of thezeroiz- `ing unit. The shaft 592 carries a loosely pivoted cam followerarm 593 having a roller cooperating with the cam 594 mounted upon theshaft 569 Amentioned hereinbefore.

A vspring pressed arm 595 forming part of follower 593 tends to keep thefollower roller intov cooperation with the cam 594. The arm 595 isconnected by a link 596 to an arm 591 secured upon a shaft 598 whichshaft also carries an arm 604 which supports a link 603. The upper endof the link 603 is slotted to receive a pin on an arm 602 which is lxedon the "shaft 592 carrying the arms 59| and the 2CC contact frame.Through this linkage of arm 593, arm 595, link 596, arm 591, shaft 598,arm 604, link 603, arm 602, shaft 592, and upper arms 59|, the framecarrying the upper contact blades 2CC is restored and held raised withthe contacts open, as shown in Fig. '7, as long as the follower rollerrests on the elevated portion of cam 594. The lowering of the framedepends on two releasing actions; the fall of the follower off the highpart of the cam and the energization of magnet 2CM.

In addition tothe linkage just traced, there is another linkage forholding the 2CC contact frame in a raised position under control of themagnet 2CM. Loosely pivoted on the shaft 59B is a release lever 599 theleft end of which (Fig. 7) cooperates with the armature 600 of magnet2CM. The right end of the lever is connected to the lower end of a link498 (Fig. 8) similar to link 596 The upper end of link 498 is connectedto an arm 499 (Fig. 8) xed on shaft 592. Thus, the contact frame 599 isheld in a raised position by the linkage composedof arms 59|, shaft 592,arm 499, link 498, lever 599 and The -support is formed by the arm 519snormally heid. in the position of Fig. 7 by the cooperation of itshooked end with a notch in the spring pressed pivoted armature 600 ofthe magnet 20M. At the time when magnet 2CM is energized, the followerarm 593 is being held in its position as viewed in Fig. 7 by the rise oncam 594 which through the linkage to shaft 592 will rock the arm 599slightly clockwise to remove the frictional pressure of its hooked endfrom the armature 609 to allow the free movement thereof should magnet2CC be energized. When the armature 600 is attracted and arm 599 isre1eased,the contacts 2CC are not closed since arm 593 is resting uponthe rise on cam 594. However,`contin ued rotation of cam 594 will permitthe shaft 592 to turn in a counterclockwise direction through theconnecting linkage. As the roller on arm 593 drops off the shoulder oncam 594, the resulting counterclockwise turning of the shaft 592 permitsthe contacts 2CC to be closed at the proper time which in this case isthe Yinstant corresponding to the nine index point position in thecycle. From the above description it may be gathered that the zeroizingimpulse through the 2CC contacts is delayed by the cam 594.

In Figs. 1 and 8 is shown the other magnet ICM which when energizedcauses the rocking of the armature 600a and release of the armaturecontrolled arm 599a (Fig. 1) which is secured to the shaft 592a. Thereleased arm 599a is rocked in a clockwise direction carrying alongtherewith a pair of arms 59Ib also xed to shaft 592a. 'I'he movablecontacts ICC 'are controlled from the shaft 592a and are mounted onplates 590a (Fig. 8) carried by pairs of arms 59Ia and 59Ib. The upperarms 59Ia are loose on the shaft 592 and guide the frame carryingcontacts ICC without being influenced by the rocking of this shaft whenit operates contacts 2CC, but the lower arms 59Ia are fixed to the shaft592a for operation. From observation of Fig. 8 it is evident that thesets of fixed and movable contact blades ICC are similar to blades 2CCin construction and arrangement. The contacts ICC are restored manuallyat the same time that the total key 296 is depressed to take a total asdescribed more fully hereinafter. Energization of the magnet ICM willcause rocking of the shaft 592a and the lowering of the plates 599acontrolled by this shaft and also the closing of the contacts ICC. Theclosingl of these contacts is arranged to occur at an instantcorresponding to the ten index position in the cycle. It will be notedthat the closing of the contacts ICC is not delayed.

During the zeroizing of an accumulator, when performing total printingof the negative balance, other corrections must be made. Any lower orderwheels in the debit accumulator which have not been disturbed by theaddition and subtraction of numbers should start Zeroizing at the tenindex point position rather than the nine position. The wiring of thezeroizing circuit and the other arrangements made to take care of thiscorrection of the lower order debit wheel resetting during negativebalance printing may be noted from the view in Fig. l2. There it isnoted that the contacts TC associated with the debit accumulator wheelsare normally closed and are wired in series with each other. Thecontacts TC associated with the lowest order wheel are connected to apair of contacts MIBS also having connections to the zeroizing circuitof the lowest order accumulator magnets 25 and 40.

The contacts MBE are closed by the minus balance magnet MBM during thetotal taking of a negative balance. When the, contacts are closed acircuit is directed not only through the lowest order accumulator magnetbut a connection is also made to the TC contacts associated with thelower order Wheel. If the wheel happens to be standing in its normal ornine position, the contacts TC are closed and the zeroizing impulse isdirected Afurther through the tens order accumulator magnet.

The connections continue across the debit accumulator so that if thetens order debit wheel stands in its normal position, the zeroizingimpulse will be directed through the hundreds order accumulator magnet,and so on. The zeroizing impulse through the contacts M'BB is initiatedat a time corresponding to the ten index position in the cycle.

When it is desired to takea total, magnet TSM is energized to rockshafts l04 and also shift the contacts described in connection with Fig.6. Contacts TS5.(Fig. 12) are also closed at this time, one of theirblades being flxedly'mounted and the other being movable having suchrelations as blades 98 and 11100 already described.

The items and totals printed may be accompanied by designating minus andplus signs, see Fig. 1l. An extra'type bar and a control magnet 005',Fig. 12, is provided for such sign printing.

' The `circult through magnet 405 for printing a plus sign is from line200, wire 350, contacts. PM2, timed to close shortly after the beginningof the cycle, wire 35i, jack Jl, plug wire to jack J8, magnet 405, bar248 and Wire 249 to line 240. Thus the type bar is permitted to move onestep before being stopped with a plus type thereon opposite the printingline. When a debit item or a negative balance is printed, magnet SBM ormagnet MBM will act to close contact S36 or MB3H in the sign printingcircuit so asY to direct a circuit through the normally closed contactsPMl to energize magnet 40S-immediately to` stop the type bar in itslowest position in readiness for printing a minus sign.

In order to print an asterisk as a total identifying sign, devices maybe' provided includingan extra type bar holding the special type, and amagnet for controlling the type bar. The circuit through the magnetmay/be closed by any totaling contact. J

A pair of make and break cam contacts CR2 and CR3 are arranged tooperate to transmit an impulse for total takingl or zeroizing at atimeone point in advance of the nine index point position in the cycle.These cams are mounted on a continually operating shaft driven by gearconnections to the continually running shaft l0. They also serve toclose the circuit to the totaling contacts TC associated with creditwheels during a totaling cycle for the purpose of energizing theprinting magnets M10. Contacts CB2 close first at ten index point andcontact CRO closes thereafter, they both remain closed for ten points ofthe cycle after which they both open, contacts CB2 first, followed bythe sudden opening of contacts CR3.

With contact blades 06, 0l, 00, 00, i0() shifted from the position ofFig. 6, contacts CE2 and CR3 function to send an impulse through eitheraccumulator early in the total cycle, current flowing from right of line230, through contact TS5 now closed, contacts CB2, CRS, through wire 3H,contacts MBO, wires 302, 3m and 0M, or through contacts 2CC, wires 3mand 3W, or through contacts lCC and Wires 3l0, M2 in a manner to bedescribed more fully hereinafter under the heading Totaling operation,contacts TSD now closed, the blade 235, through aooasaa either MBE orMBD according to whether the total is a minus or plus balance, throughwire 236 or 237, magnets 25 or fill, bus bar 238, wire 239, and back tothe other side of the line as represented by wire 240.

This energization of magnets 25 or 40 engages for rotation all thecredit or debit accumulator wheels which are not already standing atnormal position. For it is to be observed that with cams 2l0 and 2l3 atnormal position (zero for the credit wheels and nine for the debitwheels) the parts are positioned as shown in Fig. 4 with arm 203 droppedso that fulcrum 205 rests upon arm 2li. Obviously, when magnet 40 is nowenergized, arm 30 will not turn counter-clockwise to connect theaccumulator wheel with the driving gear.

During the rotation of the accumulator Wheels the type bars are risingin synchronism with the movement of said wheels, which in this instancemay be considered to be the cams 2I3. The mo. tion of each type bar isarrested by an impulse through its printer magnet 408, through a circuitfrom right side of line 230, the zeroizing contacts, the upper TCcontacts closed differentially, cable 245, to contact TSC now closed tovprinter magnet |08, bus bar 248, wire 249 to opposite side of line 240.

Thus, such accumulator wheels which represent a signicant figure willrotate with one of their cam surfaces 2M approaching bell crank 2l5, toclose contact TC and to send an impulse at a differentially timedinstant to control total printing just as in item printing adifferentially located perforation in a card column closes a circuit toa printer magnet. Simultaneous with the arrival of cam 2M at normalposition, cam 2I0 mal position, in a manner already described inconnection with Fig. 3. The position of the cams 2l0 on the upper andlower wheels provides for the return to normal conditions, namely; theupper credit wheels to zero and the lower debit Wheels to nine,regardless of whether the credit or debit accumulator magnets controlzeroizing.

In Fig. 10 there are shown a few examples ofthe operation of theaccumulators in controlling the printing of positive and negativebalances. The numerals on the chart in Fig. 10 ,indicate the variouspositions occupied by the carrying cams and the wheel position sensingcontact cams in both accumulators and also the movement of the type barsunder control of the credit accumulator wheels during totaling. It isnoted from the top line on the chart that normally the carrying wheelsin the debit accumulator all stand at nine while the carry wheels in thecredit accumulator stand at zero. It is also noted that the contacts TCassociated with both accumulators are all normally closed with oneexception, that being the highest order contact in the debitaccumulator. The contact associated with the highest order debitaccumulator wheel is normally open and is only closed when the wheelstands at zero, indicating that a negative balance is present in theaccumulator in the forni of a positive or true number on the debitaccumulator wheels.

Assuming now that by means of the series o! adding and subtractingoperations or adding operations alone, a number 325 appears in theaccumulator. The first operation performed in taking a total is to testthe highest order debit wheel which in this case indicates that theamount standing in the accumulator is a positive balance. 'I'he wheelsin the credit accumulator are all connected with the driving gears atthe ten index position and continue to revolve in the adding direction.It may be noted from the numbers appearing in the ilfth column on thesecond line of the chart that the cams attached to the wheels in thecredit accumulator engage the contacts TC after movement of 0, 7, 8,and` 5 steps respectively, starting with the highest order cam.

I'hese cams when rotated by the accumulator actuating members duringtotaling will keep in synchronism with the movement of the type bar, thehighest order cam stopping the highest order type bar` immediately atits upper zero. 'Ihe hundreds order cam will allow its type bar to move'I steps thus presenting a 3 type to the action of the printingmechanism. l The tens and the units order cams move 8 and 5 stepsrespectively, thus allowing the tens type bar to rise to the 2 typeposition and the units type bar to rise to the 5 type position. 'I'heamount printed will `be 325 which is the correct positive balancestanding in the accumulator. By this operation both accumulators will berestored to their normal position, the credit accumulator standing atzero and the debit accumulator standing at nine. The third line on thechart assumes that other conditions prevail. Here it is noted that thetotal amount is a negative balance of 325. When the highest order debitwheel is now tested it is found that the wheel stands at zero thusindicating that a negative balance is present in the accumulator. In thefourth column on the chart, third line, it is noted that because of thereverse rotation produced bythe adding of the debit amount in the debitaccumulator, the carrying cams in the credit accumulators stand at 9675.Since the credit accumulator is about to be rotated in the reverse ofits usual direction of movement thetotaling cam is positioned from thecontacts TC a. number of steps represented by the gures in column 5,line 3 on the chart. There it is noted that the units cam is 5 stepsremoved from the contacts, the tens cam is 3 steps removed from itscontacts, the hundreds cam 4 steps, and the thousands cam 1 step.

'Ihusif no correction was made for the printing of the debit balancefrom the credit wheels, the amount printed would be 1435. The figure inthe units order would then be correct but all the higher orders wouldprint a figure one unit in excess of the proper amount. In order toremedy this condition, al1 the orders higher than the units order areclutched for zeroizing at the nine index position during the totalprinting o1 Ythe negative balance, thus allowing the type bar to risethroughone step of movement before the debit 4wheels are meshed forrotation. In this case it should be remembered that the type arevarranged on the type bar with the larger numbers ontop, the type beingpresented in the followingbrderLO, 9,8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0. Theunits order debit wheelisy clutched for zeroizing at--theten'indexYposition in the usual way becausait does not need any correction.

of movement but due tothe late zeroizing of the related wheel at thenine index position it is a1- lowed to move an extra step so that itmoves a total number of 8 steps. Therefore, this type bar presents a 2type for printing at the printing line. 'I'he thousands and hundredstype bars are also allowed to partake of an extra step of movement, thusmoving 10 and 7 steps respectively instead of 9 and 6 steps. When allthe type bars are stopped in position for printing the number printedwill appear as 325 which is the correct lnegative balance printed undercontrol of the credit accumulator wheels.

The next three totals are negative balances printed in the same manneras the negative balance 325, the printing of which is described above.

The next total, -a negative balance of 140, presents another conditionfor correction in total printing. 'Ihere it is noted that the unitsorder debit accumulator wheel remains in its normal position, keepingthe sensing contacts TC closed. The totaling cams in the creditaccumulator are moved from their conacts 1, 2, 4, and stepsrespectively, from the highest order down. Both the units and the tensorders now do not require correction because they have not beendisturbed from the true complementary relation between the upper andlower accumulator wheels. This condition is ytaken care of by thesensing contacts 'DC cooperating with the debit accumulator wheels. Whenthe units order wheel stands in normal position, the zeroizing circuitis directed over into the tens order, starting the resetting of the tensorder wheel at the ten index position during the vtotal printing of a,negative balance. At such times it is noted that the units order typebar is stopped with its upper zero type in printing position. In theexample given, the tens order type bar is allowed to rise 6 stepspresenting a 4 type for printing. The two highest order wheels in thedebitaccumulator are clutched for resetting at the nine index point andthus allow the type bars to partake of an extra step of movement, thehundreds order type bar rising 9 steps and presenting a 1 type forprinting and the thousands order type bar rising 10 steps and presentingthe lower zero for printing.

In the last example given on the chart, it is noted that the conditionprevailing in the previous problem is carried out to another order.There it is noted that in the gure 300 taken as a negative balance, thetwo lower order wheels of the debit accumulator are left in their normalposition, thus providing for a starting of resetting of the three lowerorders of the debit accumulator at the ten index position.

l The credit accumulator totaling'cams are positioned 1, 3, 0 and 0steps, respectively, from the contacts which when closed serve tointerrupt the movement of the type bar and thus present a numbered typefor printing. With the negative balance of 300 to be printed undercontrol of the credit wheel totaling cams, the relation between theposition of the cams and the number of steps imparted to the type barsis shown by the numeralspresented in columns and 6 on the last line ofthe chart. The two lower orders of the type bars are stopped at theirupper zeros when the two lower order debit wheels are zeroized at theten index point position, energizing the printing or type barobstructing magnets before the type bar has a chance to move. Thehundreds order debit accumulator wheel is also clutched at the ten pointin the cycle. The totaling cam present in the credit accumulator relatedto this debit wheel stands 3 stepsremoved from its cam contacts. Whenrotated in the reverse direction the wheel allows the related type barto go through 7 steps of movement obstructing the type bar in a positionto print a three. The thousands order totaling cam in the creditaccumulator is positioned to normally allow 9 steps of type barmovement. However, during a negative balance total printing operationthe clutching of the related debit wheel at the nine index pointposition allows an extra step of movement to be imparted to the type barthus allowing thethousands order type bar to rise 10 steps to presentits lower zero. The amount thus printed will appear on the record stripas 300, see Fig. 11, which is the correct print of the negative balanceassumed present in the debit accumulator before the total printingoperation was initiated.

Machine operating connections The. wiring diagram Fig. 12 shows thecontrol of the machine for eifecting adding, subtracting, printing, cardfeeding and totaling. The control of the machine is more fully disclosedin the Peirce applicatiornSerial No. 442,348. Only so much of thecontrol as is necessary to understand the operation of the presentdevice is included in this diagram as the complete control wiringdiagram would be so much more complicated that it would not be soreadily understood without an unnecessary amount of study.

The source of power is at PS and includes the lines 236, 266. When aswitch at PS is closed the operating motor of the machine is energizedand will operate connected parts to which the various mechanisms in themachine may be clutched.

' When the start key 266 is depressed, contacts Ki, K2 will be closed.This will close a circuit from the line 236, through conductor 261,contacts K2, wire 262, card feed clutch magnet CFM, wire 263, contactsKi now closed, wire 265, stop key contacts K3 normally closed, wire 255,256 to the line 256. The energization of magnet CFM will cause operationof the card feed mechanism to feed cards through the machine. Thismagnet also controls the contacts CFCi, closing them when the magnet isenergized. As the cards commense-feeding through the machine they willdepress the upper card lever UCL, closing contacts 265, 266 and openingcontacts 261. The start key 266 may then be released and the circuitthrough the magnet CFM will be maintained from line 236, through wire 26i wire 266, contacts 266, contacts 265, wire 266, wire 262, magnet CFM,wire 262, contacts CFCi, wire 265, contacts K6, wires 255, 256 to line266.

Between the passage of the cards the card lever UCL is released so thatcontacts 265, 266 opened contacts 261 become closed. During thisinterval the CF1 cam permits its contacts to be closed so that thecurrent will ow around the contacts 265, 266 at this time and thuscontinue the circuit. While the cards are holding the contacts 265, 266closed the CF1 contacts are held open by their cam. If cards fail tofeed the circuit will be broken, deenergizing the card feed clutchmagnet and thus stopping the card feed mechanism.

If printing is to be effected under control of the cards being fedthrough the machine the switch S11 will be closed so that when the startkey 266 is depressed a circuit will also be established through theprinting clutch magnet PCM. This circuit is as follows: from the line226, through wire 216, printing clutch magnet PCM, through switch S5,contacts LCLi as soon as the LCL card lever is closed by the cards thatare now weer@ being fed through the machine, contacts Ki, wire 266,contacts K5, wires 255, 256 to line 266.`

The energization of magnet PCM causes the' printing operating devices tobe clutched t0 theL main operating mechanism so that type bars i 1 1 andassociated mechanism are operated. After the start key is released thecircuit continues.

through the contacts CFCi. If cards fail to feed the LCL card lever willpermit its contacts to open, breaking the circuit through the magnetPCM. The stoppage of the card feed mechanism to reenergize the printerclutch magnet PCM through wire 216 so that the total may be printed.

While the machine is in operation and cards are being fed the machinemay be stopped at any time by depression of the stop key 211 to open thecontacts K2. This will break the `circuit through the card feed clutchmagnet and the printing clutch magnet. The operating motorl will, ofcourse', continue to operate until the switch at PS is opened.

A platen feed mechanism is provided to feed the record paper beforeprinting in both listing and total operations. A platen feed magnet PFM,when energized acts to clutch the platen spacer to the drivingmechanism. The circuit through the platen feed magnet is as follows:line 266, Wire 212, contacts PM3 closed before printing,

. magnet PFM, wire 215 and wire 266 to the other line 266.

A number of circuit closing contacts shownv in Fig. 12 are operated bycertain parts of the machine depending upon whether the contacts are tobe operated during a card feeding cycle vor duringa totaling cycle ofthe machine when feeding is not being effected. 'I'he contacts and camsthat are operated during the card feeding cycle of the machine when themachine is either adding or subtracting, during which operation listingof the amounts added and subtracted may also be effected, are designatedCF cams and contacts.

All of the CF cams may be mounted on the shaft 215 of Fig. 1 which shaftis operated when cards are being fed through the machine.

Other cams and contacts are designated as CR cams and contacts. 'I'hesecams are continuously operating whether the machine is adding andsubtracting or totaling.` These cams may be mounted for operation onshaft i0 (Fig. 2) whichy shaft is always turning. Certain contacts notoperated by cams and designated TS contacts may be normally opened ornormally closed and are controlled by plates il] i Figs. 2 and 6.

When the machine goes into a totaling operation, magnet TSM is energizedto shift the partsy so that the open TS contacts become closed and thosethat are closed become opened. The contacts designated SB are adapted tobe opened or closed when the subtraction magnet SBM is energized. Thecontacts designated MBl are adapted to be effected when the minusbalance magnet MBMl is energized.

Accumulatz'ng and listing

